Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics
University of California, San Francisco

Empirica

Observe
learn from the real world
Infer
reason about causality
Act
use that knowledge to inform decisions

We observe the world, develop credible evidence about causal relationships, and translate those insights to inform decisions.

LAY
Confounding
AMY
Mediation
AYC
Collider
ZAYU
Instrument
U₁U₂MAY
M-bias
A₀LA₁Y
Time-varying